Under conditions of low glucose, oxidative stress, or inflammation, mitochondria increase production of MOTS-C, which then: Enters the nucleus to modulate transcription of genes associated with antioxidant defenses, such as NRF2 targets
Peptides are short chains of amino acids that act as signaling molecules, helping direct everyday processes such as repair, metabolism, and energy
GLP-1 receptor agonist meds help regulate blood glucose by stimulating insulin secretion when blood sugar levels are high and reducing glucagon release to prevent spikes
Zhang Y, Shimizu H, Siu KL, Mahajan A, Chen JN and Cai H, "NADPH oxidase 4 induces cardiac arrhythmic phenotype in zebrafish", J