F-Actin Stabilization: At a cellular level, it influences the formation of focal adhesions by stabilizing F-actin proteins, crucial for structural cellular integrity during migration across damaged extracellular matrices 6
Other retinoids (retinol, adapalene, retinaldehyde) Never combine tretinoin with another retinoid
J Nutr Biochem 56:205214 Sorrenti V, Raffaele M, Vanella L, Acquaviva R, Salerno L, Pittala V, Intagliata S, Di Giacomo C (2019) Protective effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) and novel cape analogue as inducers of heme oxygenase-1 in Streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetic rats
The kicker in all this is that theyre being used so willy-nilly, in med spas, in direct-to-consumer compounding pharmacies